Albania - History & Background, Constitutional & Legal Foundations, Educational System—overview, Preprimary & Primary Education, Secondary Education - NONFORMAL EDUCATION, SUMMARY
available courses enrollment february
| BASIC DATA |
| Official Country Name: |
Republic of Albania |
| Region: |
Europe |
| Population: |
3,490,435 |
| Language(s): |
Albanian, Greek |
| Literacy Rate: |
93% |
| Academic Year: |
September-June |
| Number of Primary Schools: |
1,782 |
| Compulsory Schooling: |
8 years |
| Public Expenditure on Education: |
3.1% |
| Educational Enrollment: |
Primary: 558,101 |
| |
Secondary: 89,895 |
| |
Higher: 34,257 |
| Educational Enrollment Rate: |
Primary: 107% |
| |
Secondary: 38% |
| |
Higher: 12% |
| Teachers: |
Primary: 31,369 |
| |
Secondary: 6,321 |
| |
Higher: 2,348 |
| Student-Teacher Ratio: |
Primary: 18:1 |
| |
Secondary: 17:1 |
| Female Enrollment Rate: |
Primary: 108% |
| |
Secondary: 38% |
| |
Higher: 14% |
Albania's nonformal education offerings are limited. Part-time education is available through correspondence courses. Employment-related continuing education courses are offered to diploma-holders with two years of related work experience. Students completing these courses are given a certificate. Albania's lack of resources has restricted the availability of distance learning and alternative delivery systems.
Like many emerging democracies, Albania views education as central to building a new society that can compete in the twenty-first century. Its movement from a totalitarian regime to a democratic society has been hampered by economic and political instability.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Albania, February 2001. Available from http://countrywatch.altavista.com/.
Albania: Land of the Eagles. Education, February 2001. Available from http://www.albania.co.uk/.
Euro Education Net. Structure of Education System in Albania, February 2000. Available from http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/albanco.htm/.
International Monetary Fund. Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper—Albania, 2000. Available from http://www.imf.org/.
Kaltounis, Theodore. "Democratic Citizenship: Education in Albania." The Social Studies 90, 6 (November 1999): 245.
Leach, Jenny, and Bob Moon, "Albania's Open Question." Times Educational Supplement 4212 (21 March 1997): B3.
Additional Topics
The Republic of Albania is a southeastern European country on the Adriatic Sea bordered by Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, and Montenegro. Albania occupies an area of 28,752 square kilometers (11,101 square miles). Except for the coastline, the terrain is rugged and mountainous. Forests and woodlands comprise nearly 40 percent of the country. Approximately 21 percent of the nation is arable land. Princ…
In 1998 Albania adopted a new constitution.
In the 1990s Albania's educational system underwent major structural reforms as the country struggled to emerge from a half century of isolation and rigid centralization. However, efforts to modernize and democratize education have been hampered by the lack of resources, political conflict, and ethnic violence. In 1991 the minister of education reported that nearly one-third of the nation&#…
Albania has eight years of compulsory education, which begins at age six.
About 70 percent of Albanian children continue their education by attending high school.
Albania's institutions of higher learning were founded in the 1950s and were patterned on Soviet designs. The Higher Pedagogic Institute, Higher Polytechnical Institute, and Higher Agricultural Institute were founded in 1951. A team of Soviet educators developed the administration and curriculum of Enver Hoxha University (now the University of Tirana) in 1957. All these highly centralized i…
During the Communist era, the administration of education was noted for its high degree of centralization and strict adherence to ideological principles outlined by the party leadership.
From 1945 to 1992, the teaching profession was disciplined along Communist party guidelines. Courses for teacher preparation stressed Marxist concepts of psychology
and pedagogy. Teachers were trained to use didactic teaching methods. Individuality and interaction were discouraged. Teachers were viewed as instruments for political indoctrination. After 1992 the Ministry of Education began …
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